INSERT TABLE
説明
INSERT文は、テーブルに新しい行を挿入するか、テーブル内の既存のデータを上書きします。挿入される行は、値式で指定するか、クエリからの結果で指定できます。
構文
INSERT [ INTO | OVERWRITE ] [ TABLE ] table_identifier [ partition_spec ] [ ( column_list ) ]
{ VALUES ( { value | NULL } [ , ... ] ) [ , ( ... ) ] | query }
INSERT INTO [ TABLE ] table_identifier REPLACE WHERE boolean_expression query
パラメータ
-
table_identifier
テーブル名を指定します。必要に応じてデータベース名を付けて修飾できます。
構文:
[ database_name. ] table_name -
partition_spec
パーティションのキーと値のペアをコンマ区切りで指定するオプションのパラメータです。パーティション仕様には型付きリテラル（例：date'2019-01-02'）を使用できます。
構文:
PARTITION ( partition_col_name = partition_col_val [ , ... ] ) -
column_list
table_identifierテーブルに属する列をコンマ区切りで指定するオプションのパラメータです。Sparkは、指定された列リストに従って、入力クエリの列をテーブルスキーマに一致するように並べ替えます。注記:現在の動作にはいくつかの制限があります。
- 指定されたすべての列はテーブルに存在し、互いに重複してはなりません。静的パーティション列を除くすべての列が含まれます。
VALUES句またはクエリからのデータのサイズと、列リストのサイズは正確に一致する必要があります。
-
VALUES ( { value
|NULL } [ , … ] ) [ , ( … ) ]挿入する値を指定します。明示的に指定された値またはNULLを挿入できます。句内の各値を区切るにはコンマを使用する必要があります。複数の行を挿入するには、複数の値セットを指定できます。
-
boolean_expression
boolean型を返す式を指定します。論理演算子（AND、OR）を使用して、2つ以上の式を組み合わせることができます。 -
query
挿入する行を生成するクエリです。以下のいずれかの形式にすることができます。
例
Insert Into
VALUES句を使用した単一行挿入
CREATE TABLE students (name VARCHAR(64), address VARCHAR(64))
USING PARQUET PARTITIONED BY (student_id INT);
INSERT INTO students VALUES
('Amy Smith', '123 Park Ave, San Jose', 111111);
SELECT * FROM students;
+---------+----------------------+----------+
| name| address|student_id|
+---------+----------------------+----------+
|Amy Smith|123 Park Ave, San Jose| 111111|
+---------+----------------------+----------+
VALUES句を使用した複数行挿入
INSERT INTO students VALUES
('Bob Brown', '456 Taylor St, Cupertino', 222222),
('Cathy Johnson', '789 Race Ave, Palo Alto', 333333);
SELECT * FROM students;
+-------------+------------------------+----------+
| name| address|student_id|
+-------------+------------------------+----------+
| Amy Smith| 123 Park Ave, San Jose| 111111|
+-------------+------------------------+----------+
| Bob Brown|456 Taylor St, Cupertino| 222222|
+-------------+------------------------+----------+
|Cathy Johnson| 789 Race Ave, Palo Alto| 333333|
+--------------+-----------------------+----------+
SELECT文を使用した挿入
-- Assuming the persons table has already been created and populated.
SELECT * FROM persons;
+-------------+--------------------------+---------+
| name| address| ssn|
+-------------+--------------------------+---------+
|Dora Williams|134 Forest Ave, Menlo Park|123456789|
+-------------+--------------------------+---------+
| Eddie Davis| 245 Market St, Milpitas|345678901|
+-------------+--------------------------+---------+
INSERT INTO students PARTITION (student_id = 444444)
SELECT name, address FROM persons WHERE name = "Dora Williams";
SELECT * FROM students;
+-------------+--------------------------+----------+
| name| address|student_id|
+-------------+--------------------------+----------+
| Amy Smith| 123 Park Ave, San Jose| 111111|
+-------------+--------------------------+----------+
| Bob Brown| 456 Taylor St, Cupertino| 222222|
+-------------+--------------------------+----------+
|Cathy Johnson| 789 Race Ave, Palo Alto| 333333|
+-------------+--------------------------+----------+
|Dora Williams|134 Forest Ave, Menlo Park| 444444|
+-------------+--------------------------+----------+
TABLE文を使用した挿入
-- Assuming the visiting_students table has already been created and populated.
SELECT * FROM visiting_students;
+-------------+---------------------+----------+
| name| address|student_id|
+-------------+---------------------+----------+
|Fleur Laurent|345 Copper St, London| 777777|
+-------------+---------------------+----------+
|Gordon Martin| 779 Lake Ave, Oxford| 888888|
+-------------+---------------------+----------+
INSERT INTO students TABLE visiting_students;
SELECT * FROM students;
+-------------+--------------------------+----------+
| name| address|student_id|
+-------------+--------------------------+----------+
| Amy Smith| 123 Park Ave, San Jose| 111111|
+-------------+--------------------------+----------+
| Bob Brown| 456 Taylor St, Cupertino| 222222|
+-------------+--------------------------+----------+
|Cathy Johnson| 789 Race Ave, Palo Alto| 333333|
+-------------+--------------------------+----------+
|Dora Williams|134 Forest Ave, Menlo Park| 444444|
+-------------+--------------------------+----------+
|Fleur Laurent| 345 Copper St, London| 777777|
+-------------+--------------------------+----------+
|Gordon Martin| 779 Lake Ave, Oxford| 888888|
+-------------+--------------------------+----------+
FROM文を使用した挿入
-- Assuming the applicants table has already been created and populated.
SELECT * FROM applicants;
+-----------+--------------------------+----------+---------+
| name| address|student_id|qualified|
+-----------+--------------------------+----------+---------+
|Helen Davis| 469 Mission St, San Diego| 999999| true|
+-----------+--------------------------+----------+---------+
| Ivy King|367 Leigh Ave, Santa Clara| 101010| false|
+-----------+--------------------------+----------+---------+
| Jason Wang| 908 Bird St, Saratoga| 121212| true|
+-----------+--------------------------+----------+---------+
INSERT INTO students
FROM applicants SELECT name, address, student_id WHERE qualified = true;
SELECT * FROM students;
+-------------+--------------------------+----------+
| name| address|student_id|
+-------------+--------------------------+----------+
| Amy Smith| 123 Park Ave, San Jose| 111111|
+-------------+--------------------------+----------+
| Bob Brown| 456 Taylor St, Cupertino| 222222|
+-------------+--------------------------+----------+
|Cathy Johnson| 789 Race Ave, Palo Alto| 333333|
+-------------+--------------------------+----------+
|Dora Williams|134 Forest Ave, Menlo Park| 444444|
+-------------+--------------------------+----------+
|Fleur Laurent| 345 Copper St, London| 777777|
+-------------+--------------------------+----------+
|Gordon Martin| 779 Lake Ave, Oxford| 888888|
+-------------+--------------------------+----------+
| Helen Davis| 469 Mission St, San Diego| 999999|
+-------------+--------------------------+----------+
| Jason Wang| 908 Bird St, Saratoga| 121212|
+-------------+--------------------------+----------+
パーティション列値に型付き日付リテラルを使用した挿入
CREATE TABLE students (name STRING, address STRING) PARTITIONED BY (birthday DATE);
INSERT INTO students PARTITION (birthday = date'2019-01-02')
VALUES ('Amy Smith', '123 Park Ave, San Jose');
SELECT * FROM students;
+-------------+-------------------------+-----------+
| name| address| birthday|
+-------------+-------------------------+-----------+
| Amy Smith| 123 Park Ave, San Jose| 2019-01-02|
+-------------+-------------------------+-----------+
列リストを使用した挿入
INSERT INTO students (address, name, student_id) VALUES
('Hangzhou, China', 'Kent Yao', 11215016);
SELECT * FROM students WHERE name = 'Kent Yao';
+---------+----------------------+----------+
| name| address|student_id|
+---------+----------------------+----------+
|Kent Yao | Hangzhou, China| 11215016|
+---------+----------------------+----------+
パーティション仕様と列リストの両方を使用した挿入
INSERT INTO students PARTITION (student_id = 11215017) (address, name) VALUES
('Hangzhou, China', 'Kent Yao Jr.');
SELECT * FROM students WHERE student_id = 11215017;
+------------+----------------------+----------+
| name| address|student_id|
+------------+----------------------+----------+
|Kent Yao Jr.| Hangzhou, China| 11215017|
+------------+----------------------+----------+
Insert Overwrite
VALUES句を使用した挿入
-- Assuming the students table has already been created and populated.
SELECT * FROM students;
+-------------+--------------------------+----------+
| name| address|student_id|
+-------------+--------------------------+----------+
| Amy Smith| 123 Park Ave, San Jose| 111111|
| Bob Brown| 456 Taylor St, Cupertino| 222222|
|Cathy Johnson| 789 Race Ave, Palo Alto| 333333|
|Dora Williams|134 Forest Ave, Menlo Park| 444444|
|Fleur Laurent| 345 Copper St, London| 777777|
|Gordon Martin| 779 Lake Ave, Oxford| 888888|
| Helen Davis| 469 Mission St, San Diego| 999999|
| Jason Wang| 908 Bird St, Saratoga| 121212|
+-------------+--------------------------+----------+
INSERT OVERWRITE students VALUES
('Ashua Hill', '456 Erica Ct, Cupertino', 111111),
('Brian Reed', '723 Kern Ave, Palo Alto', 222222);
SELECT * FROM students;
+----------+-----------------------+----------+
| name| address|student_id|
+----------+-----------------------+----------+
|Ashua Hill|456 Erica Ct, Cupertino| 111111|
|Brian Reed|723 Kern Ave, Palo Alto| 222222|
+----------+-----------------------+----------+
SELECT文を使用した挿入
-- Assuming the persons table has already been created and populated.
SELECT * FROM persons;
+-------------+--------------------------+---------+
| name| address| ssn|
+-------------+--------------------------+---------+
|Dora Williams|134 Forest Ave, Menlo Park|123456789|
+-------------+--------------------------+---------+
| Eddie Davis| 245 Market St, Milpitas|345678901|
+-------------+--------------------------+---------+
INSERT OVERWRITE students PARTITION (student_id = 222222)
SELECT name, address FROM persons WHERE name = "Dora Williams";
SELECT * FROM students;
+-------------+--------------------------+----------+
| name| address|student_id|
+-------------+--------------------------+----------+
| Ashua Hill| 456 Erica Ct, Cupertino| 111111|
+-------------+--------------------------+----------+
|Dora Williams|134 Forest Ave, Menlo Park| 222222|
+-------------+--------------------------+----------+
REPLACE WHERE文を使用した挿入
-- Assuming the persons and persons2 table has already been created and populated.
SELECT * FROM persons;
+-------------+--------------------------+---------+
| name| address| ssn|
+-------------+--------------------------+---------+
|Dora Williams|134 Forest Ave, Menlo Park|123456789|
+-------------+--------------------------+---------+
| Eddie Davis| 245 Market St, Milpitas|345678901|
+-------------+--------------------------+---------+
SELECT * FROM persons2;
+-------------+--------------------------+---------+
| name| address| ssn|
+-------------+--------------------------+---------+
| Ashua Hill| 456 Erica Ct, Cupertino|432795921|
+-------------+--------------------------+---------+
-- in an atomic operation, 1) delete rows with ssn = 123456789 and 2) insert rows from persons2
INSERT INTO persons REPLACE WHERE ssn = 123456789 SELECT * FROM persons2
SELECT * FROM persons;
+-------------+--------------------------+---------+
| name| address| ssn|
+-------------+--------------------------+---------+
| Eddie Davis| 245 Market St, Milpitas|345678901|
+-------------+--------------------------+---------+
| Ashua Hill| 456 Erica Ct, Cupertino|432795921|
+-------------+--------------------------+---------+
TABLE文を使用した挿入
-- Assuming the visiting_students table has already been created and populated.
SELECT * FROM visiting_students;
+-------------+---------------------+----------+
| name| address|student_id|
+-------------+---------------------+----------+
|Fleur Laurent|345 Copper St, London| 777777|
+-------------+---------------------+----------+
|Gordon Martin| 779 Lake Ave, Oxford| 888888|
+-------------+---------------------+----------+
INSERT OVERWRITE students TABLE visiting_students;
SELECT * FROM students;
+-------------+---------------------+----------+
| name| address|student_id|
+-------------+---------------------+----------+
|Fleur Laurent|345 Copper St, London| 777777|
+-------------+---------------------+----------+
|Gordon Martin| 779 Lake Ave, Oxford| 888888|
+-------------+---------------------+----------+
FROM文を使用した挿入
-- Assuming the applicants table has already been created and populated.
SELECT * FROM applicants;
+-----------+--------------------------+----------+---------+
| name| address|student_id|qualified|
+-----------+--------------------------+----------+---------+
|Helen Davis| 469 Mission St, San Diego| 999999| true|
+-----------+--------------------------+----------+---------+
| Ivy King|367 Leigh Ave, Santa Clara| 101010| false|
+-----------+--------------------------+----------+---------+
| Jason Wang| 908 Bird St, Saratoga| 121212| true|
+-----------+--------------------------+----------+---------+
INSERT OVERWRITE students
FROM applicants SELECT name, address, student_id WHERE qualified = true;
SELECT * FROM students;
+-----------+-------------------------+----------+
| name| address|student_id|
+-----------+-------------------------+----------+
|Helen Davis|469 Mission St, San Diego| 999999|
+-----------+-------------------------+----------+
| Jason Wang| 908 Bird St, Saratoga| 121212|
+-----------+-------------------------+----------+
パーティション列値に型付き日付リテラルを使用した挿入
CREATE TABLE students (name STRING, address STRING) PARTITIONED BY (birthday DATE);
INSERT INTO students PARTITION (birthday = date'2019-01-02')
VALUES ('Amy Smith', '123 Park Ave, San Jose');
SELECT * FROM students;
+-------------+-------------------------+-----------+
| name| address| birthday|
+-------------+-------------------------+-----------+
| Amy Smith| 123 Park Ave, San Jose| 2019-01-02|
+-------------+-------------------------+-----------+
INSERT OVERWRITE students PARTITION (birthday = date'2019-01-02')
VALUES('Jason Wang', '908 Bird St, Saratoga');
SELECT * FROM students;
+-----------+-------------------------+-----------+
| name| address| birthday|
+-----------+-------------------------+-----------+
| Jason Wang| 908 Bird St, Saratoga| 2019-01-02|
+-----------+-------------------------+-----------+
列リストを使用した挿入
INSERT OVERWRITE students (address, name, student_id) VALUES
('Hangzhou, China', 'Kent Yao', 11215016);
SELECT * FROM students WHERE name = 'Kent Yao';
+---------+----------------------+----------+
| name| address|student_id|
+---------+----------------------+----------+
|Kent Yao | Hangzhou, China| 11215016|
+---------+----------------------+----------+
パーティション仕様と列リストの両方を使用した挿入
INSERT OVERWRITE students PARTITION (student_id = 11215016) (address, name) VALUES
('Hangzhou, China', 'Kent Yao Jr.');
SELECT * FROM students WHERE student_id = 11215016;
+------------+----------------------+----------+
| name| address|student_id|
+------------+----------------------+----------+
|Kent Yao Jr.| Hangzhou, China| 11215016|
+------------+----------------------+----------+